Practice Areas
Criminal proceedings may involve complaints, registration and investigation of offences, arrest and custody, bail, trial proceedings, criminal appeals, revision, quashing-related proceedings and proceedings before the High Courts and Supreme Court of India. This page provides general legal information and awareness concerning criminal law and bail.
Criminal complaints, FIR, investigation, notice, appearance, arrest and remand proceedings.
Registration of information, investigation, notices of appearance, arrest and remand are now governed principally by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS), together with constitutional safeguards under Articles 21 and 22.
Regular bail, anticipatory bail, interim bail, Sessions Court bail, High Court bail and cancellation of bail.
Bail may be considered by the Magistrate, the Court of Session or the High Court depending on the offence and stage of proceedings. Special statutes may contain additional conditions.
Cognizance, framing of charge, discharge, trial, evidence, judgment and sentencing.
After investigation, the court considers cognizance, charge or discharge, followed by trial, evidence and judgment in accordance with the BNSS and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.
POCSO, ED/PMLA, CBI, NDPS, UAPA, SC/ST Act, cybercrime and other special statutes.
Offences under special statutes are often tried by designated Special Courts and may carry distinct procedures, presumptions and bail conditions.
Appeals, revision, bail, quashing, criminal miscellaneous and writ proceedings.
The High Court exercises appellate, revisional and inherent jurisdiction in criminal matters, including petitions seeking quashing of proceedings.
See also: criminal writ proceedings.
SLP (Criminal), criminal appeals, criminal appeals after grant of leave and review proceedings.
The Supreme Court may entertain special leave petitions against criminal judgments and orders, and hears statutory criminal appeals in specified cases.
Suspension of sentence, bail pending appeal, appeals, review and other proceedings.
After judgment, proceedings may include appeals, suspension of sentence and bail pending appeal, revision and review, depending on the court and the nature of the order.
Magistrate, Sessions, Special Courts, High Courts, Supreme Court and applicable laws including BNS, BNSS and BSA, 2023.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the BNSS and the BSA replaced the IPC, CrPC and Evidence Act with effect from 1 July 2024. Earlier laws may continue to apply to matters that arose before that date.
Dr. Anand Duggal is an Advocate registered to practise in India. This website contains general professional, legal-awareness and informational material. Information concerning foreign laws, visa systems, immigration or citizenship processes is provided for general informational purposes and does not imply admission, authorisation or entitlement to practise law in any foreign jurisdiction. Nothing on this website should be construed as advertising, solicitation or a guarantee of any legal or other outcome.